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Multiple purposes

Cardano allows more complex transactions. So far you've seen various types of transactions: simple script, minting, staking, delegating, etc. But Cardano provides the flexibility to create more complex transactions and mix all the types of transactions needed. For example, adding metadata to minting transactions, or adding a staking component to a simple script transaction. This tutorial shows how to send a transaction with multiple purposes.

In this tutorial, you will learn how to:

  • Withdraw funds from a script
  • Mint a token
  • Withdraw delegated funds
  • Set metadata for the transaction

As mentioned in the minting tutorial, one way to mint a token is by creating a script derived from a keyHash. For that, you first need to generate new keys and a key hash using the following commands:

cardano-cli address key-gen \
    --verification-key-file script.vkey \
    --signing-key-file script.skey

cardano-cli address key-hash --payment-verification-key-file script.vkey
54a318b79a805f4f4cf0562a27302e93ed5b2e657cccdf4f6a8330ef

Having the key hash, you can create the script as follows:

cat payment.script
{
    "keyHash": "54a318b79a805f4f4cf0562a27302e93ed5b2e657cccdf4f6a8330ef",
    "type": "sig"
}

You also need to create the address and the policy ID of the script:

cardano-cli address build --payment-script-file payment.script 
addr_test1wzgd97kc864w62ulela5ykw8m64z2nu4wjejacyfp6u7qwqyz9v9m
cardano-cli transaction policyid --script-file payment.script
90d2fad83eaaed2b9fcffb4259c7deaa254f9574b32ee0890eb9e038

First transaction​

First of all, you need to fund the script address using payment.addr funds:

cardano-cli query utxo --address $(cat payment.addr)
                           TxHash                                 TxIx        Amount
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12bc01bca615bb4cbe5f36b06d86092ad3c8a10e6a37e09f94a5f006f3aaf230     0        10040283782 lovelace + TxOutDatumNone

In this transaction, the example sets a tx-out-inline-datum file that only contains the number 42. This is essential since you wouldn't be able to get the funds from the script if it does not have a datum:

cardano-cli transaction build --tx-in 12bc01bca615bb4cbe5f36b06d86092ad3c8a10e6a37e09f94a5f006f3aaf230#0 --tx-out $(cat payment.script.addr)+10000000 --change-address $(cat payment.addr) --tx-out-inline-datum-file datum.json --out-file 1st.tx

cat datum.json
{
  "constructor": 0,
    "fields": [{"int": 42}]
}

Second transaction​

In this transaction, you can query the UTXO details:

cardano-cli query utxo --address $(cat  payment.script.addr)
                           TxHash                                 TxIx        Amount
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
04dfd8feaf87f82c8ec771954179879b22b5f693ed86d78a749111eed2de7879     0        10000000 lovelace + TxOutDatumInline ReferenceTxInsScriptsInlineDatumsInBabbageEra (HashableScriptData "\216y\159\CAN*\255" (ScriptDataConstructor 0 [ScriptDataNumber 42]))
cardano-cli query utxo --address $(cat  payment.addr)
                           TxHash                                 TxIx        Amount
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
04dfd8feaf87f82c8ec771954179879b22b5f693ed86d78a749111eed2de7879     1        10030116301 lovelace + TxOutDatumNone

You can also verify that you have available rewards:

cardano-cli query stake-address-info --address $(cat stake.addr)
[
    {
        "address": "stake_test1uq954t492tmusk2dy9z505g3cz3sfpnh0swsqjmzk47rasqyn8uqp",
        "delegation": "pool1vzqtn3mtfvvuy8ghksy34gs9g97tszj5f8mr3sn7asy5vk577ec",
        "rewardAccountBalance": 15192167
    }
]

Now you can build the transaction with multiple purposes:

cardano-cli transaction build \
    --tx-in 04dfd8feaf87f82c8ec771954179879b22b5f693ed86d78a749111eed2de7879#1 \
    --tx-in 04dfd8feaf87f82c8ec771954179879b22b5f693ed86d78a749111eed2de7879#0 \
    --tx-in-script-file payment.script \
    --change-address $(cat payment.addr) \
    --mint "1 $(cat payment.script.policyid).746F6B656E" \
    --mint-script-file payment.script \
    --withdrawal $(cat stake.addr)+15192167 \
    --metadata-json-file metadata.json \
    --out-file 2nd.tx

You can see multiple things happening in this transaction:

  • There are two UTXOs to be spent
    • One is from a script, and the other is from a payment
  • You are minting a token and this only can be done by defining the mint-script-file - the rules to mint that token
  • You are withdrawing funds from the delegation
  • Finally, you are setting a metadata file

Finally, you can verify the result of signing and submitting the transaction:

The payment address now has:

  • The new token minted
  • Funds that were in the script address
  • Rewards from delegation
cardano-cli query utxo --address $(cat payment.addr)
                           TxHash                                 TxIx        Amount
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
c260ebce5868a56ce559f5277e6ca2d47b0eecb5b851b957fcb40a2194f67b29     0        10055118943 lovelace + 1 90d2fad83eaaed2b9fcffb4259c7deaa254f9574b32ee0890eb9e038.746f6b656e + TxOutDatumNone

The script address does not have any funds.

cardano-cli query utxo --address $(cat payment.script.addr)
                           TxHash                                 TxIx        Amount
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We no longer have rewards from delegating:

cardano-cli query stake-address-info --address $(cat stake.addr)
[
    {
        "address": "stake_test1uq954t492tmusk2dy9z505g3cz3sfpnh0swsqjmzk47rasqyn8uqp",
        "delegation": "pool1vzqtn3mtfvvuy8ghksy34gs9g97tszj5f8mr3sn7asy5vk577ec",
        "rewardAccountBalance": 0
    }
]

And the best part, it was only done in one transaction.

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